Yasuo Yamane
Professor of Emeritus,
Hiroshima University Japan and National Central University Taiwan
Metal cutting theory is an engineering theory, in other words practical theory, for performing good cutting, and it depends on the demands and technical background of each era. It can be said that research on metal cutting began with F. W. Taylor’s “On the art of cutting metals”. The purpose of his research work was to specify cutting conditions especially standard cutting speed, for machine tool operators. Inspired by his research, experimental research to find the relation ship between cutting conditions and cutting force/specific cutting force was conducted actively, and many empirical formulas were proposed as exponential formulas. The formula includes the following formula for specific cutting force which is still known today.
Specific cutting force ~ [uncut chip thickness]-0.2 (1)
After that, the shear plane theory was developed from the demand to obtain analytically the relationship between cutting conditions and cutting forces. However, the simplification of the shear region as a shear plane led to a dead end, and shear plane theory was considered useless and replaced by FEM simulations.
Formula 1 is called “size effect”, but no research has been conducted to derive this analytically. In this lecture, as a result of reviewing old data, I show that formula 1 is incomplete and should be written as follows.
Specific cutting force ~ [(cutting speed) x (uncut chip thickness)]-0.2 (2)
According to this formula the size effect needs to be reconsidered. Also, if this formula is used, the cutting temperature is not proportional to cutting speed to the 0.5th power, as was said, but to the 0.3rd power, which is almost consistent with experimental results.
Yasuo Yamane gained his undergraduate engineering education from Hiroshima University before taking a position as a machine tool designer with Toshiba Machine Tool Company. He gained his doctoral degree, again from Hiroshima, in 1980, before commencing an academic career. He had been a professor in (1995-2018) and then Executive and Vice President of Hiroshima University (2009-2012), Dean of the Graduate School of Engineering (2005-2009). He also a Member of the Board of PRESS KOGYO CO., LTD. Japan from 2015-present. It is this broad background experience, added to his career-long special researches in metal machining, machine tool design and technology transfer, that has given him the insights and desire to develop the human resource in engineering field. He is a joint author of the advanced level text book Metal Machining Theory and Applications: THC Childs, K Maekawa, T Obikawa, Y Yamane; Arnold: London (2000), Manufacturing Technology Transfer –A Japanese Monozukuri View of Needs and Strategies-:Y Yamane and THC Childs; CRC Press: New York (2013) and Knowledge and Theory for Metal Cutting Engineers; Yasuo Yamane, Toshiyuki Obikawa and Thomas Childs; NIKKAN KOGYO SHIMBUN: Japan(2022).
Hiroshi Ueno
General Manager of Business Development Department,
Customer Application Center, Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd.
Demand for semiconductors is still expected to remain high volume, due to accelerating investment in 5G infrastructure and the shift to EVs for automobiles. Various manufacturing processes such as etching, CVD, ion implantation, and electrode molding on silicon wafers used in semiconductor devices are processed in ultra-high vacuum conditions. The connections between parts used in vacuum equipment require high-quality sealing surfaces to maintain high airtightness, and these surfaces have been machined then polished by hand manually for a long time. Automation of this process is strongly desired. The SMART TOOL1 brand lineup contains three types of tools which enable machining centers to achieve roughness and quality required for the seal surfaces of ultra-high vacuum chambers and vacuum valves used in semiconductor manufacturing equipment, thereby improving machining efficiency and reducing polishing processes. The three SMART TOOLs developed for seal surface finishing are revolutionary tools designed to automate the polishing process. Meanwhile, global demand for aircraft is expected to return to the level before the impact of the new Coronavirus infection in 2024. The machining technologies developed to meet the new requirements from the aircraft parts supply chain will be presented in the categories of structural parts and engine parts. The following technologies will be presented: Advanced machining technologies for Aero-structural parts, Blisks and Cases for engines; New technologies to minimize machine downtime and improve uptime as increased machining speed; Automated tool preparation technologies for machining difficult-to-cut materials. 1SMART TOOL is a product brand launched by Makino Customer Application Center. It is a generic name for a group of products (tools, machine tool peripherals, functions, etc.) designed to solve customers' problems and maximize their profits. Makino develops products from the machinist's point of view and keeps on proposing solutions in combination with machining technology and engineering.
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Jeng-Rong Ho, Professor
Laboratory of Laser Applications and Materials Processing
Department of Mechanical Engineering
National Central University
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